Elastic and Plastic Soft Crystals with Superelasticity, Ferroelasticity, and Superplasticity

Abstract Superelasticity is the ability of a plastically deformed solid to spontaneously recover its shape upon unloading due stress loading. From discovery in Au–Cd alloys 1932, superelasticity had been believed be limited certain until “organic superelasticity” 2014, which revealed it general phenomenon observed organic crystals along with ferroelasticity—reversible plastic deformability that not accompanied by spontaneous recovery. In this chapter, we will introduce and shape-memory effect, discuss ferroelasticity, explain properties characteristics various molecular crystals, including metal complexes. Furthermore, superplasticity”—irreversible deformation several hundred percent or more, retention crystallinity—has also described.